Note: there were two four-minute breaks during the debate, at around 22:00 and 22:30, and our data here has 15-minute granularity.
There’s a clear difference between this second debate, with a drop of up to 9%, and the first one between Biden and Trump on June 27, when the traffic dropped just 2% below the same time a week prior. Interestingly, the biggest drop occurred at the same time in both debates, right after they started, at 21:15 EST (01:15 UTC).
Traffic shifts at the time of the debate, as compared to the previous week, can reveal more detail at a state-level perspective than at the country level. The map below summarizes traffic changes observed at a state level. A key observation is that traffic declines at a state level were much more pronounced during the Harris-Trump debate, than during the Biden-Trump debate in late June.
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(Source: Cloudflare; created with Datawrapper)
The most significant traffic drops were observed in Vermont (-25%), Montana (-22%), and Idaho (-19%). More populous states such as California (-11%), Texas (-10%), and New York (-14%) also experienced notable declines in traffic.
Just for comparison, here’s the state map from that June 27 Biden-Trump debate:
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(Source: Cloudflare; created with Datawrapper)
The initial minutes of the Harris-Trump debate triggered the largest traffic declines in most states, at least up until the first break, at around 21:30 ET (01:30 UTC).
In the next table, we provide a detailed breakdown of the same perspective shown on the US map ordered by the magnitude of the drop in traffic. We include the time of the biggest traffic drop compared to the previous week, at a 5-minute granularity, and also the percentage of the drop compared to the previous week. As noted above, the largest declines appeared to occur earlier in the debate.
State
Drop in traffic (%)
Local Time
UTC
Vermont
-25%
21:05 EDT
1:05
Montana
-22%
19:10 MDT
1:10
Idaho
-19%
19:10 MDT
1:10
Wyoming
-19%
19:15 MDT
1:15
North Dakota
-18%
20:15 CDT
1:15
Delaware
-15%
21:20 EDT
1:20
Illinois
-15%
20:20 CDT
1:20
Mississippi
-14%
20:05 CDT
1:05
New York
-14%
21:05 EDT
1:05
Rhode Island
-14%
21:45 EDT
1:45
West Virginia
-14%
21:15 EDT
1:15
Alabama
-13%
20:05 CDT
1:05
Georgia
-13%
21:20 EDT
1:20
South Carolina
-13%
21:15 EDT
1:15
Virginia
-13%
21:15 EDT
1:15
Colorado
-12%
19:45 MDT
1:45
Connecticut
-12%
21:05 EDT
1:05
Nevada
-12%
18:20 PDT
1:20
New Jersey
-12%
21:20 EDT
1:20
Alaska
-11%
17:15 AKDT
1:15
California
-11%
18:15 PDT
1:15
Florida
-11%
21:05 EDT
1:05
North Carolina
-11%
21:05 EDT
1:05
Wisconsin
-11%
20:20 CDT
1:20
Arkansas
-10%
20:05 CDT
1:05
District of Columbia
-10%
21:55 EDT
1:55
Missouri
-10%
20:25 CDT
1:25
Oregon
-10%
18:40 PDT
1:40
Pennsylvania
-10%
21:05 EDT
1:05
South Dakota
-10%
20:20 CDT
1:20
Texas
-10%
20:05 CDT
1:05
Maryland
-9%
21:20 EDT
1:20
Massachusetts
-9%
21:20 EDT
1:20
New Hampshire
-9%
21:05 EDT
1:05
Oklahoma
-9%
20:05 CDT
1:05
Arizona
-8%
18:15 MST
1:15
Indiana
-8%
21:05 EDT
1:05
Iowa
-8%
20:05 CDT
1:05
Kentucky
-8%
21:05 EDT
1:05
Maine
-8%
21:15 EDT
1:15
Nebraska
-8%
19:45 MDT
1:45
Kansas
-7%
20:25 CDT
1:25
Louisiana
-7%
20:20 CDT
1:20
Michigan
-7%
21:20 EDT
1:20
Minnesota
-7%
20:30 CDT
1:30
New Mexico
-7%
19:25 MDT
1:25
Washington
-7%
18:05 PDT
1:05
Hawaii
-6%
15:20 HST
1:20
Ohio
-6%
21:15 EDT
1:15
Tennessee
-6%
20:05 CDT
1:05
Utah
-6%
19:10 MDT
1:10
\n
\n
Swing state drops in traffic higher than first debate
The seven swing states that are said to be decisive in the election — Arizona, Georgia, Michigan, Nevada, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin — each saw traffic drop between 8% and 13%, which is more than during the Biden-Trump debate (between 5% and 8% at that time). Here’s a more focused view of those swing states for easier visualization:
Shifting our attention to domain trends, our 1.1.1.1 resolver data highlights a more targeted impact during and around the debate. Let’s start with Kamala Harris-related insights.
Since July 21, the date of Biden’s withdrawal and endorsement of Harris, daily DNS traffic to Harris-related domains has significantly increased, with notable peaks on August 30 (the day after the Harris-Walz interview on CNN) and September 10 (the debate with Trump).
\n \n \n
From an hourly perspective, the impact of the debate on Kamala Harris-related sites is evident, with increased DNS traffic throughout the day (September 10). The peak occurred at the debate's start (21:00 ET / 01:00 UTC) with a 54% increase from the previous week, and again after it ended (23:00 ET / 03:00 UTC) with a 56% rise. This spike coincided with Taylor Swift's endorsement of Kamala Harris.
Donald Trump, having a longer-standing campaign and websites compared to Kamala Harris, shows different trends. Aggregated daily DNS traffic to Trump-related domains has also increased in recent months. Significant peaks were observed on July 15 (two days after the assassination attempt), then during the Republican National Convention (July 15-18), with the highest spike occurring on August 12, following Elon Musk's interview with Trump on X.
\n \n \n
Hourly data shows the debate’s impact on Trump-related sites with a noticeable increase around the debate's start (21:00 ET / 01:00 UTC), where DNS traffic was 46% higher than the previous week. This elevated traffic continued for a few hours, after the debate ended.
Like previous US election-related events, the debate generated significant interest in US news organizations, leading to a rise in aggregated DNS traffic to general US news sites. This increase peaked during the debate at 22:00 ET (02:00 UTC), with DNS traffic 62% higher than the previous week. The elevated DNS traffic began before the debate and persisted afterward, with a 19% increase at 20:00 ET (00:00 UTC) and a 25% increase at 00:00 ET (04:00 UTC).
\n \n \n
Microblogging social platforms like X or Threads outperformed their previous week’s traffic throughout the debate, peaking at 16% growth around 22:00 ET (02:00 UTC).
\n \n \n
Additionally, there was a notable increase in DNS traffic to election-related websites, including official voting registration and election sites. During the morning of September 10 in the US, DNS traffic was 38% higher at 10:00 ET (14:00 UTC), with a significant spike at 23:00 ET (03:00 UTC) right after the debate, where DNS traffic surged by 76% compared to the previous week.
From a cybersecurity perspective, trending events, topics, and individuals often attract more emails, including malicious, phishing, and spam messages. Our earlier analysis covered email trends involving “Joe Biden” and “Donald Trump” since January. We’ve since updated it to include Kamala Harris after the Democratic Convention.
From June 1, 2024, through August 21, Cloudflare’s Cloud Email Security service processed over 16 million emails that included the names “Donald Trump”, “Joe Biden”, or “Kamala Harris” in the subject, with 8.7 million referencing Trump, 4.8 million referencing Biden, and 3 million referencing Harris.
The chart below highlights a surge in emails mentioning Trump in mid-July, contrasting with a drop in the number of emails mentioning Biden in the subject and an increase in emails mentioning Harris.
\n \n \n
Since July 21, following changes in the presumptive Democratic candidate, over 4.5 million emails mentioned “Donald Trump,” over 1.5 million mentioned “Joe Biden,” and around 2.8 million mentioned “Kamala Harris” in the subject. Of these, 26.7% of emails with Trump’s name were classified as spam, and 2.4% were classified as malicious. For Kamala Harris, 1.1% were classified as spam and 0.2% were classified as malicious, while Biden’s figures were 1.1% for spam and 0.1% for malicious.
\n \n \n
Since mid-August, there has been a slight increase in the percentage of spam and malicious emails mentioning Kamala Harris. Trump remains the candidate with the most mentions in email subjects and the highest percentages of emails classified as spam and malicious.
In our blog posts about several of the 2024 elections, we have noted that attacks on politically-related websites have remained a significant threat this year. In Europe, we’ve seen political parties and associated websites targeted around elections. We previously reported on DDoS attacks around the Republican National Convention and Democratic National Convention.
In our post about the Democratic National Convention, we showed that during late July and August, Cloudflare blocked DDoS attacks targeting three US politically related organizations, including a site associated with one of the major parties, with attacks occurring just before the Democratic Convention.
The largest DDoS attack recorded in recent days against politically-related websites targeted specifically a US political-party related website on September 4, peaking at 140,000 requests per second (rps) and lasting about 5 minutes.
\n \n \n
But it’s not only US politically-related websites that could be the target of cyber attacks. News organizations are often attacked during relevant events, as we saw during the first year of the war in Ukraine, for example. Already in September, we’ve seen an example of a relevant US news organization that covers politics being the target of a DDoS attack on September 3, peaking at 343,000 requests per second (rps) and lasting about 5 minutes.
\n \n \n
As highlighted in our Q2 DDoS report, most DDoS attacks are short-lived, as exemplified by the two mentioned attacks. Also, 81% of HTTP DDoS attacks peak at under 50,000 requests per second (rps), and only 7% reach between 100,000 and 250,000 rps. While a 140,000 rps attack might seem minor to Cloudflare, it can be devastating for websites not equipped to handle such high levels of traffic.
In this analysis of the Harris-Trump debate, we’ve observed that the September 10 debate caused bigger drops in traffic in the US than the Biden-Trump debate in late June. There was also a noticeable increase in DNS traffic to both Kamala Harris-related and Donald Trump-related domains, as well as to US news media outlets and election-related domains — in this case, right after the debate ended.
If you’re interested in more trends and insights about the Internet and elections, check out Cloudflare Radar, specifically our 2024 Elections Insights report. It will be updated throughout the year as elections (or election-related events) occur.
"],"published_at":[0,"2024-09-11T17:00+01:00"],"updated_at":[0,"2024-10-09T23:05:16.821Z"],"feature_image":[0,"https://cf-assets.www.cloudflare.com/zkvhlag99gkb/2TCbedf61XQtUeW7BLKNai/45e986a605c149c7bb8ecb9f223ada6f/image6.png"],"tags":[1,[[0,{"id":[0,"5kZtWqjqa7aOUoZr8NFGwI"],"name":[0,"Radar"],"slug":[0,"cloudflare-radar"]}],[0,{"id":[0,"0kgHdg1ytbdWl5BNo6bEa"],"name":[0,"Internet Traffic"],"slug":[0,"internet-traffic"]}],[0,{"id":[0,"4y0wc3ZZ8Iuc3HM8yJfeIN"],"name":[0,"Elections"],"slug":[0,"elections"]}],[0,{"id":[0,"1vuoQKKVEjwfXESBNNFbGI"],"name":[0,"Election Security"],"slug":[0,"election-security"]}],[0,{"id":[0,"3yArjf0gLKZy8ObEDxbNNi"],"name":[0,"Trends"],"slug":[0,"trends"]}],[0,{"id":[0,"65uH0g2pnGqJljdGuryZLD"],"name":[0,"Insights"],"slug":[0,"insights"]}],[0,{"id":[0,"64g1G2mvZyb6PjJsisO09T"],"name":[0,"DDoS"],"slug":[0,"ddos"]}],[0,{"id":[0,"7eHY5WNQQd02QJafTdf18n"],"name":[0,"USA"],"slug":[0,"usa"]}]]],"relatedTags":[0],"authors":[1,[[0,{"name":[0,"João Tomé"],"slug":[0,"joao-tome"],"bio":[0,"After years as a journalist covering technology, cinema, sports (soccer/football), and mobility (including hosting a TV show about it), I’m now telling data-driven and other stories at Cloudflare."],"profile_image":[0,"https://cf-assets.www.cloudflare.com/zkvhlag99gkb/KOYiYhfI8O9WNWxB8IWk7/e1e24f4df878f45e812bdd4a893b026e/joao-tome.jpeg"],"location":[0,"Lisbon, Portugal"],"website":[0,null],"twitter":[0,"@emot"],"facebook":[0,null]}]]],"meta_description":[0,"See how the first 2024 US presidential debate between Kamala Harris and Donald Trump influenced Internet traffic patterns compared to the Biden-Trump debate. We also review email trends and observed attack activity."],"primary_author":[0,{}],"localeList":[0,{"name":[0,"blog-english-only"],"enUS":[0,"English for Locale"],"zhCN":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"zhHansCN":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"zhTW":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"frFR":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"deDE":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"itIT":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"jaJP":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"koKR":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"ptBR":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"esLA":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"esES":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"enAU":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"enCA":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"enIN":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"enGB":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"idID":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"ruRU":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"svSE":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"viVN":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"plPL":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"arAR":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"nlNL":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"thTH":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"trTR":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"heIL":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"lvLV":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"etEE":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"ltLT":[0,"No Page for Locale"]}],"url":[0,"https://blog.cloudflare.com/how-the-harris-trump-us-presidential-debate-influenced-internet-traffic"],"metadata":[0,{"title":[0,"How the Harris-Trump US presidential debate influenced Internet traffic"],"description":[0,"See how the first 2024 US presidential debate between Kamala Harris and Donald Trump influenced Internet traffic patterns compared to the Biden-Trump debate. We also review email trends and observed attack activity."],"imgPreview":[0,"https://cf-assets.www.cloudflare.com/zkvhlag99gkb/6HjZF9JTf1LPz0rB7FaCDm/50a94314cb644120e45d0f69c5202501/How_the_Harris-Trump_US_presidential_debate_influenced_Internet_traffic-OG.png"]}]}],[0,{"id":[0,"1tSorsvJdfnMLtfjL0Jw1f"],"title":[0,"Exploring Internet and security trends during the 2024 U.S. Democratic National Convention"],"slug":[0,"internet-security-trends-2024-us-democratic-convention"],"excerpt":[0,"This analysis highlights the 2024 Democratic National Convention’s impact on Internet traffic and security, with spikes in interest for sites related to Kamala Harris and the Democrats, as well as news sites, plus pre-convention attacks on political organizations."],"featured":[0,false],"html":[0,"\n \n \n
The 2024 Democratic National Convention (DNC) wrapped up on Thursday, August 22, in Chicago, Illinois. Since our blog post about Internet trends during the first presidential debate between President Joe Biden and former President Donald Trump on June 27, the presidential race has fundamentally changed. We experienced the attempted assassination of Trump, the Republican National Convention (RNC), Biden’s late July withdrawal from the race, and Vice President Kamala Harris being selected as the Democratic nominee and participating in her party’s convention this week. Here, we’ll examine trends more focused on DNS traffic to news and candidate-related sites, cyberattacks targeting politically-related organizations, and spam and malicious emails mentioning the candidates’ names.
Over 60 more national elections are scheduled to take place across the world this year, and we have been monitoring them as they occur. Our goal is to provide a neutral analysis of their impact on Internet behavior, which often mirrors human activities. Significant events, such as the total eclipse in Mexico, the United States, and Canada, and the Paris 2024 Olympics, have had an impact on Internet traffic. Our ongoing election report on Cloudflare Radar includes updates from recent elections in the European Union, France, and the United Kingdom.
Let’s start with an Internet traffic perspective on the Chicago area, where the Democratic National Convention took place from August 19 through August 22, 2024.
Internet traffic shifts during major events like elections – and there have been several this year – are typically more impactful than those from a single political party’s event. During the DNC in Chicago, Illinois, we didn’t observe an obvious pattern change, similar to the RNC that took place in Milwaukee, Wisconsin in June.
Throughout the convention, although we didn’t notice any significant drops or spikes in Chicago’s Internet traffic, there was a rise in traffic starting on August 15 and continuing through the first three days of the convention. Notably, traffic was 10% to 20% higher after midnight compared to the previous week.
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\n
DNS trends: Kamala Harris-related sites see accelerated growth
Shifting our focus to domain trends, our 1.1.1.1 resolver data highlights a more targeted impact from the DNC and preceding weeks. This analysis now includes Kamala Harris-related insights, as our earlier reports on the Biden-Trump debate and the Republican National Convention predated her selection as the Democratic nominee.
Kamala Harris’s official website, initially redirecting to Joe Biden’s website, became an independent dedicated site after July 21, following Biden’s announcement of his withdrawal and endorsement of Harris. Since then, aggregated daily DNS traffic to Kamala Harris-related domains has seen significant growth, particularly after June 29.
\n \n \n
On August 6, the day Kamala Harris selected Minnesota Governor Tim Walz as her running mate, DNS traffic for Kamala Harris-related domains increased by 99% compared to the previous week. Following this announcement, as Harris and Walz campaigned together in various cities, DNS traffic initially peaked on August 8-9, showing increases of 896% and 845%, respectively. Another significant spike occurred on August 15, which persisted through the DNC, peaking on its fourth day, August 23, with a 21% growth in DNS traffic compared to the previous week.
From an hourly perspective, the impact of the convention on Kamala Harris-related sites is evident, with increased DNS traffic in the evenings coinciding with the convention’s key speakers. Traffic grew each day compared to the day before.
\n \n \n
Here’s a summary of peak hourly DNS traffic to Kamala Harris’s-related domains on each day of the DNC, coinciding with key moments of the event:
Day 1, August 19: Peak at 23:00 EDT with a 313% increase in traffic compared to the previous week. This spike occurred around the time President Joe Biden appeared on stage.
Day 2, August 20: Peak at 00:00 EDT (August 21) with a 466% increase, following former President Barack Obama’s speech that closed the second day of the DNC.
Day 3, August 21: Peak at 22:00 EDT with a 70% increase just before Governor Tim Walz took the stage. Although this peak was higher than previous days, the percentage increase was lower due to higher traffic at the same time the previous week.
Day 4, August 22: Peak at 23:00 EDT with a 71% increase around the time of Vice President Kamala Harris’s speech.
\n
\n
Increase in DNS traffic to fundraising domains on day 4 of the DNC
During the DNC, we observed a rise in DNS traffic for Harris/Democrats fundraising domains. The main spike occurred on day 4 of the DNC, August 22, at around 21:00 EDT, with a 493% increase compared to the previous week. On that day, daily traffic increased by 92% compared to the previous week.
Like the RNC before it, the DNC sparked significant interest in US news organizations, resulting in an uptick in aggregated DNS traffic to general US news sites. This increase typically occurred just after the final speaker of the evening.
On day 1 of the DNC, traffic to US news organizations was 11% higher compared to the previous week at 23:00 EDT, coinciding with President Biden’s appearance. On day 2, when President Obama concluded the evening, DNS traffic to US news sites increased by 10%, continuing to rise thereafter. On day 3, during the hour when Vice Presidential candidate Tim Walz spoke, DNS traffic to US news sites spiked by 21% at 23:00 EDT. The final day (day 4) saw a 28% increase at 23:00 EDT, around Vice President Kamala Harris’s speech.
Attacks on political parties have remained a significant threat in an election-filled 2024. In Europe, we’ve seen political parties and associated websites targeted around elections. We previously reported on DDoS attacks around the Republican National Convention, and these types of attacks continued during the weeks ahead of the Democratic National Convention.
Since July 21, 2024, Cloudflare has blocked DDoS attacks targeting three US politically-related organizations. A site associated with one of the major parties (represented by the blue line on the chart) was attacked on July 23, and again just before the DNC.
\n \n \n
The largest DDoS attack recorded (indicated in green) targeted another US politically-related website on July 26, peaking at 180,000 requests per second (rps) and lasting about 10 minutes. There were other smaller attacks, earlier on the same day, and on July 28.
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Another site, focused on political fundraising, experienced a smaller attack on August 1, also lasting 10 minutes and peaking at 103,000 rps.
\n \n \n
The most recent attacks we’ve observed occurred on August 17-18 (UTC time), targeting a politically-related website (blue line) and another politically-related website (green line). The former peaked at 62,000 rps on August 18, while the latter reached 24,000 rps on August 17.
\n \n \n
As highlighted in our Q2 DDoS report, most DDoS attacks are short-lived, as exemplified by the two mentioned attacks. Also, 81% of HTTP DDoS attacks peak at under 50,000 requests per second (rps), and only 7% reach between 100,000 and 250,000 rps. While a 24,000 rps attack might seem minor to Cloudflare, it can be devastating for websites not equipped to handle such high levels of traffic.
\n
\n
Email trends: candidate-related spam and malicious messages
From another cybersecurity angle, trending events, topics and individuals often attract malicious, phishing, and spam messages, and also more emails in general. Our earlier analysis covered email trends involving “Joe Biden” or “Donald Trump” since January, concluding just after the Biden-Trump debate in late June. From June 1, 2024, through August 21, Cloudflare’s Cloud Email Security service processed around 14 million emails that included the names “Donald Trump”, “Joe Biden”, or “Kamala Harris” in the subject, with 7.4 million referencing Trump.
The next chart highlights a surge in emails mentioning Trump in mid-July, contrasting with a drop of emails mentioning Biden in the subject, who saw a brief uptick on July 22-23 following his withdrawal from the race, and on August 20, the day after his DNC speech.
\n \n \n
Focusing on the period since July 21 – when changes in the presumptive Democratic candidate occurred – over 3.2 million emails mentioned “Donald Trump”, around 1.2 million mentioned “Joe Biden”, and over 2 million mentioned “Kamala Harris” in the subject. Examining spam and phishing messages, 34% of emails with Trump’s name were spam, and 3% were malicious. For Kamala Harris, 0.8% were spam and 0.2% were malicious, while Biden’s figures were 1.1% for spam and 0.1% for malicious.
\n \n \n
To better understand the elevated percentages of spam and malicious emails mentioning “Donald Trump,” it’s important to look at the trend over time. Notably, after July 15, there was a significant rise in all emails mentioning Trump in the subject, as the previous line chart also shows, and that also included a higher percentage of emails classified as spam.
\n \n \n
Additionally, Republican Vice Presidential Candidate JD Vance and Democratic Vice Presidential Candidate Tim Walz also influenced email trends. JD Vance was announced as Donald Trump’s running mate on July 15, so we start there – Tim Walz’s announcement came later, on August 6. Emails with “Tim Walz” mentioned in the subject (over 530,000) outnumbered those with “JD Vance” (over 241,000). Spam made up 1% of emails with Vance’s name and 0.1% were malicious, and for Walz, 0.7% were spam and 0.03% malicious.
In this analysis of the Democratic National Convention, we’ve observed trends similar to those seen during the Republican National Convention. However, with Kamala Harris becoming the Democratic presidential candidate recently, there has been a noticeable increase in DNS traffic to both Kamala Harris-related domains and Democrats’ fundraising domains.
We have also noted that DDoS attacks targeting US politically-related organizations continue, and emails mentioning the candidates in the subject (including spam and malicious emails) have increased.
If you’re interested in more trends and insights about the Internet and elections, check out Cloudflare Radar, specifically our 2024 Elections Insights report. It will be updated throughout the year as elections (or election-related events) occur.
"],"published_at":[0,"2024-08-23T14:52+00:00"],"updated_at":[0,"2024-10-10T00:36:56.015Z"],"feature_image":[0,"https://cf-assets.www.cloudflare.com/zkvhlag99gkb/4ym7hA3nrKvKrbAWvxr3iK/8fa2196afd6890bbfdbdea1ab5d5a9a7/1000-1-Hero.png"],"tags":[1,[[0,{"id":[0,"5kZtWqjqa7aOUoZr8NFGwI"],"name":[0,"Radar"],"slug":[0,"cloudflare-radar"]}],[0,{"id":[0,"3yArjf0gLKZy8ObEDxbNNi"],"name":[0,"Trends"],"slug":[0,"trends"]}],[0,{"id":[0,"1vuoQKKVEjwfXESBNNFbGI"],"name":[0,"Election Security"],"slug":[0,"election-security"]}],[0,{"id":[0,"4y0wc3ZZ8Iuc3HM8yJfeIN"],"name":[0,"Elections"],"slug":[0,"elections"]}],[0,{"id":[0,"1yxwSRKlyHKHPvLIg2mrNc"],"name":[0,"Politics"],"slug":[0,"politics"]}],[0,{"id":[0,"7eHY5WNQQd02QJafTdf18n"],"name":[0,"USA"],"slug":[0,"usa"]}]]],"relatedTags":[0],"authors":[1,[[0,{"name":[0,"João Tomé"],"slug":[0,"joao-tome"],"bio":[0,"After years as a journalist covering technology, cinema, sports (soccer/football), and mobility (including hosting a TV show about it), I’m now telling data-driven and other stories at Cloudflare."],"profile_image":[0,"https://cf-assets.www.cloudflare.com/zkvhlag99gkb/KOYiYhfI8O9WNWxB8IWk7/e1e24f4df878f45e812bdd4a893b026e/joao-tome.jpeg"],"location":[0,"Lisbon, Portugal"],"website":[0,null],"twitter":[0,"@emot"],"facebook":[0,null]}]]],"meta_description":[0],"primary_author":[0,{}],"localeList":[0,{"name":[0,"blog-english-only"],"enUS":[0,"English for Locale"],"zhCN":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"zhHansCN":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"zhTW":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"frFR":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"deDE":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"itIT":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"jaJP":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"koKR":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"ptBR":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"esLA":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"esES":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"enAU":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"enCA":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"enIN":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"enGB":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"idID":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"ruRU":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"svSE":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"viVN":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"plPL":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"arAR":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"nlNL":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"thTH":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"trTR":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"heIL":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"lvLV":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"etEE":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"ltLT":[0,"No Page for Locale"]}],"url":[0,"https://blog.cloudflare.com/internet-security-trends-2024-us-democratic-convention"],"metadata":[0,{"title":[0],"description":[0],"imgPreview":[0,"https://cf-assets.www.cloudflare.com/zkvhlag99gkb/1hOyhcYqnmePy4Ifk5IBJY/382e61f1d896c412da2398886d2c0a89/2533-OG.png"]}]}],[0,{"id":[0,"6Sq2pGkmj4avfRrQgXAqZ9"],"title":[0,"Exploring Internet traffic during the 2024 U.S. Republican National Convention"],"slug":[0,"exploring-internet-traffic-during-the-2024-us-republican-national-convention"],"excerpt":[0,"This week, the Republican National Convention was hosted in Milwaukee, Wisconsin from July 15 to 18, 2024. We examined traffic shifts and cyberattacks since June 2024 to see how these events have impacted the Internet"],"featured":[0,false],"html":[0,"\n \n \n \n \n
Internet traffic typically mirrors human behavior, with significant fluctuations during large political events. This comes during a time when the United States is in election mode, as political campaigns are in full swing and candidates for various offices, primaries and caucuses make their case to voters and debates are being held. This week, the Republican National Convention was hosted in Milwaukee, Wisconsin from July 15 to 18, 2024. We examined traffic shifts and cyberattacks since June 2024 to see how these events have impacted the Internet.
Cyberattacks are a constant threat, and aren't necessarily driven by elections. With that said, notable trends can often be observed, and we’ve seen before how specific geopolitical events can trigger online attacks. For example, we saw cyberattacks at the start of the war in Ukraine to more recently in the Netherlands, when the June 2024 European elections coincided with cyberattacks on Dutch political-related websites that lasted two days — June 5th and 6th. The main DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service attack) attack on June 5, the day before the Dutch election, reached 73,000 requests per second (rps).
Shifting our focus to the United States in particular, in the weeks since April 2024, we’ve seen several DDoS attacks targeting both federal and state government and political-related websites in the United States. In recent days Cloudflare has also blocked DDoS attacks targeting two political-related websites.
\n \n \n \n \n
One of those is related to a political campaign, represented by the yellow line on the chart below. The first spike was a DDoS attack on July 2, 2024, peaking at 56,000 rps and lasting around 10 minutes. The same political-related site was attacked later on July 14, with a 34,000 rps peak, lasting four minutes.
\n \n \n \n \n
The other political-related site under attack, in green on the previous chart, is a think tank website that does policy advocacy related to presidential politics. It was already attacked before, around the time of the Biden vs Trump debate, as we’ve published at the time in a related blog post. The main attack was on July 11, with a 137,000 rps peak, lasting a few minutes, and was repeated, with slightly lower intensity, a few hours later on July 12.
\n \n \n \n \n
As we’ve seen in our recent DDoS report, the vast majority of DDoS attacks are short. This emphasizes the need for automated, in-line detection and mitigation systems. Ten minutes are hardly enough time for a human to respond to an alert, analyze the traffic, and apply manual mitigations.
The attempted assassination of former President Trump at a campaign rally near Butler, Pennsylvania precipitated an increase in Internet traffic within the United States, particularly to news-related media outlets. As news broke of shots fired at a Trump rally, injuring the former president, Internet traffic in the United States (in bytes) increased around 22:30 - 23:00 UTC (18:30-19:00 EST) by 10% to 12%.
\n \n \n \n \n
HTTP requests in the United States saw up to an 8% increase on July 13th compared to the previous week.
\n \n \n \n \n
At the same time, DNS traffic to TV news sites, via our 1.1.1.1 resolver, surged by as much as 215%, and to general news sites by 141%.
The Republican National Convention is an important political event as delegates of the United States Republican Party choose the party's nominees for president and vice president in the 2024 United States presidential election. Over the four-day event, convention delegates formally nominate the party’s presidential and vice presidential candidates and adopt the party's platform, which outlines its policies and positions on various issues. The convention features speeches from prominent party members, including the nominees, party leaders, and other influential figures.
This year’s convention was held in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. During this time, we didn’t identify any noticeable traffic spikes from Milwaukee or from Wisconsin in general.
\n \n \n \n \n
Compared to the previous week, there was an increase in DNS traffic to Republican political party and fundraising websites. On July 18th, the last day of the convention, we saw two considerable increases in hourly traffic compared to a week prior. The first at 14:00 EDT, an increase of 268% in traffic to these sites. The second, at 23:00 EDT with another increase at 266%. The daily aggregation on this day was an increase of 90.48% compared to daily traffic aggregations in the previous week.
\n \n \n \n \n
For DNS traffic during the convention for TV news channels, we see steady traffic numbers with the highest peaking days before the convention on July 14, then during the late hours of July 15th.
\n \n \n \n \n
For political news websites covering the RNC, traffic numbers tend to decrease slightly as the event progresses.
\n \n \n \n \n
We identified an attack against a think-tank based in Washington D.C. that does policy advocacy related to presidential politics. The attack itself lasted around 3 minutes, from July 18th 13:18 to 13:22 exclusive (EDT) with a total of 3.12 million DDoS requests mitigated. The attack peaked at around 30.33k rps.
\n \n \n \n \n
We see that major political events may not always cause significant shifts in Internet traffic. Our data indicates increases in traffic primarily to news and media organizations from July 13th onward. When it comes to cyber attacks, a majority of activity we see targets political campaigns and policy organizations.
If you want to follow more trends and insights about the Internet and elections in particular, you can check Cloudflare Radar, and more specifically our new 2024 Elections Insights report, which will be updated as elections take place throughout the year.
"],"published_at":[0,"2024-07-19T16:07:04.000+01:00"],"updated_at":[0,"2024-10-09T23:28:46.231Z"],"feature_image":[0,"https://cf-assets.www.cloudflare.com/zkvhlag99gkb/4KfQhP5aXHB2LgHSZPbf2g/ad1fa1a02299d8bd4b2443d79108779e/exploring-internet-traffic-during-the-2024-us-republican-national-convention.png"],"tags":[1,[[0,{"id":[0,"5kZtWqjqa7aOUoZr8NFGwI"],"name":[0,"Radar"],"slug":[0,"cloudflare-radar"]}],[0,{"id":[0,"4y0wc3ZZ8Iuc3HM8yJfeIN"],"name":[0,"Elections"],"slug":[0,"elections"]}],[0,{"id":[0,"7eHY5WNQQd02QJafTdf18n"],"name":[0,"USA"],"slug":[0,"usa"]}],[0,{"id":[0,"1yxwSRKlyHKHPvLIg2mrNc"],"name":[0,"Politics"],"slug":[0,"politics"]}]]],"relatedTags":[0],"authors":[1,[[0,{"name":[0,"João Tomé"],"slug":[0,"joao-tome"],"bio":[0,"After years as a journalist covering technology, cinema, sports (soccer/football), and mobility (including hosting a TV show about it), I’m now telling data-driven and other stories at Cloudflare."],"profile_image":[0,"https://cf-assets.www.cloudflare.com/zkvhlag99gkb/KOYiYhfI8O9WNWxB8IWk7/e1e24f4df878f45e812bdd4a893b026e/joao-tome.jpeg"],"location":[0,"Lisbon, Portugal"],"website":[0,null],"twitter":[0,"@emot"],"facebook":[0,null]}],[0,{"name":[0,"Jorge Pacheco"],"slug":[0,"jorge"],"bio":[0,null],"profile_image":[0,"https://cf-assets.www.cloudflare.com/zkvhlag99gkb/5iFJ9jTuh48eBY1WfEmLK1/6f692ae5c2ec0e58855f8f836d0c4d3d/profile_jorge.jpg"],"location":[0,null],"website":[0,null],"twitter":[0,null],"facebook":[0,null]}],[0,{"name":[0,"Jocelyn Woolbright"],"slug":[0,"jocelyn"],"bio":[0,null],"profile_image":[0,"https://cf-assets.www.cloudflare.com/zkvhlag99gkb/bDRrsgewAVO6JTmna7b6v/76a5b49472184190ae967a1f962add6a/jocelyn.jpg"],"location":[0,null],"website":[0,null],"twitter":[0,"@jo_woolbright"],"facebook":[0,null]}]]],"meta_description":[0,"This week, the Republican National Convention was hosted in Milwaukee, Wisconsin from July 15 to 18, 2024. We examined traffic shifts and cyberattacks since June 2024 to see how these events have impacted the Internet."],"primary_author":[0,{}],"localeList":[0,{"name":[0,"Exploring Internet traffic during the 2024 U.S. Republican National Convention Config"],"enUS":[0,"English for Locale"],"zhCN":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"zhHansCN":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"zhTW":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"frFR":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"deDE":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"itIT":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"jaJP":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"koKR":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"ptBR":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"esLA":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"esES":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"enAU":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"enCA":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"enIN":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"enGB":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"idID":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"ruRU":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"svSE":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"viVN":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"plPL":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"arAR":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"nlNL":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"thTH":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"trTR":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"heIL":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"lvLV":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"etEE":[0,"No Page for Locale"],"ltLT":[0,"No Page for Locale"]}],"url":[0,"https://blog.cloudflare.com/exploring-internet-traffic-during-the-2024-us-republican-national-convention"],"metadata":[0,{"title":[0,"Exploring Internet traffic during the 2024 U.S. Republican National Convention"],"description":[0,"This week, the Republican National Convention was hosted in Milwaukee, Wisconsin from July 15 to 18, 2024. We examined traffic shifts and cyberattacks since June 2024 to see how these events have impacted the Internet."],"imgPreview":[0,"https://cf-assets.www.cloudflare.com/zkvhlag99gkb/56erV8Verm8W9WPHUP8mpf/fe7fcb7a7de35b7d3c970357c3ddfc7f/exploring-internet-traffic-during-the-2024-us-republican-national-convention-M4vr2n.png"]}]}],[0,{"id":[0,"4awjvs6RKv2niEI8BtWkoT"],"title":[0,"How the first 2024 US presidential debate influenced Internet traffic and security trends"],"slug":[0,"how-the-first-2024-us-presidential-debate-influenced-internet-traffic-and-security-trends"],"excerpt":[0,"See how the first 2024 US presidential debate between Biden and Trump influenced Internet traffic patterns, email trends, and heightened cybersecurity concerns across digital platforms"],"featured":[0,false],"html":[0,"\n \n \n \n \n
Key findings:
The Biden vs. Trump debate influenced Internet traffic at the state level in the US, with drops in traffic as high as 17% (in Vermont) during the debate.
Microblogging and video streaming platforms saw traffic changes during the debate.
Trump-related sites, including donation platforms, gained much more traction than Biden’s during and after the debate.
Emails with “Trump” in the subject had higher rates of spam and malicious content compared to those with “Biden.”
No increase in cyberattacks during the debate, but frequent DDoS attacks targeted government and political sites in the preceding months.
Internet traffic ebbs and flows usually follow human patterns, and high visibility events that are broadcast on TV usually have an impact. Let’s take a look at the first of the 2024 United States presidential debates between the two major presumptive candidates, Joe Biden and Donald Trump, for the November presidential election.
Typically, from what we usually observe, election days don’t come with highly intensive changes to Internet traffic, and the same is true for debates. Yet, debates can also draw attention that impacts traffic, especially when there is heightened anticipation. The 2024 debates are not only aired on broadcast and cable television but also streamed on platforms like YouTube, enhancing their reach and impact.
During the June 27, 2024, debate between Biden and Trump, hosted by CNN at 21:00 EST (01:00 UTC), Cloudflare noted a slight drop in nationwide Internet requests, falling to 2% below the same time a week prior at 21:15 EST (01:15 UTC). Interestingly, Internet traffic was 4% higher just before the debate started and surged to 6% above the previous week’s levels after the debate concluded at 23:45 EST (03:45 UTC).
Traffic shifts at the time of the debate, as compared to the previous week, are much more revealing at a state-level perspective than at the country level. The map below summarizes traffic changes observed at a state level:
\n \n \n \n \n
The most significant traffic drops were seen in Vermont (-17%), South Dakota (-16%), Wyoming (-16%), and Alaska (-16%). More populous states like California, Texas, and New York saw milder reductions of between 5% and 6%, and Florida experienced a 9% drop at 21:45 local time (01:45 UTC) during the debate.
The six swing states that are said to be decisive in the election, Arizona, Georgia, Michigan, Nevada, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin, all saw traffic drop between 5% and 8%.
The initial minutes of the Biden vs. Trump debate triggered the largest traffic declines in most states, though several, including Florida, Louisiana, Georgia, Nevada, and Wisconsin, observed deeper dips midway through. States like Ohio and Missouri recorded their most substantial traffic drops towards the debate’s conclusion.
In the next table, we provide a detailed breakdown of the same perspective shown on the US map ordered by the magnitude of the drop in traffic. We include the time of the biggest traffic drop compared to the previous week, at a 5-minute granularity, and also the percentage of the drop compared to the previous week. (Illinois is not included due to data issues.)
\n
\n
\n
State
\n
Drop in traffic (%)
\n
Time of drop in traffic (local)
\n
Time of drop in traffic (UTC)
\n
\n\n
\n
Vermont
\n
-17%
\n
21:00
\n
1:00
\n
\n
\n
Alaska
\n
-16%
\n
17:30
\n
1:30
\n
\n
\n
South Dakota
\n
-16%
\n
20:10 / 19:10
\n
1:10
\n
\n
\n
Wyoming
\n
-16%
\n
19:25
\n
1:25
\n
\n
\n
New Hampshire
\n
-13%
\n
21:05
\n
1:05
\n
\n
\n
Rhode Island
\n
-12%
\n
21:05
\n
1:05
\n
\n
\n
Louisiana
\n
-11%
\n
20:45
\n
1:45
\n
\n
\n
Massachusetts
\n
-11%
\n
21:05
\n
1:05
\n
\n
\n
Connecticut
\n
-10%
\n
21:30
\n
1:30
\n
\n
\n
Montana
\n
-10%
\n
19:10 / 18:10
\n
1:10
\n
\n
\n
Nebraska
\n
-10%
\n
20:05 / 19:05
\n
1:05
\n
\n
\n
Oklahoma
\n
-10%
\n
20:05
\n
1:05
\n
\n
\n
Florida
\n
-9%
\n
21:45
\n
1:45
\n
\n
\n
Georgia
\n
-8%
\n
21:45
\n
1:45
\n
\n
\n
Nevada
\n
-8%
\n
18:40
\n
1:40
\n
\n
\n
New Jersey
\n
-8%
\n
21:05
\n
1:05
\n
\n
\n
Ohio
\n
-8%
\n
22:25
\n
2:25
\n
\n
\n
Washington
\n
-8%
\n
18:30
\n
1:30
\n
\n
\n
Kentucky
\n
-7%
\n
21:15
\n
1:15
\n
\n
\n
North Carolina
\n
-7%
\n
21:15
\n
1:15
\n
\n
\n
North Dakota
\n
-7%
\n
20:10 / 19:10
\n
1:10
\n
\n
\n
Wisconsin
\n
-7%
\n
20:45
\n
1:45
\n
\n
\n
California
\n
-6%
\n
18:05
\n
1:05
\n
\n
\n
Iowa
\n
-6%
\n
20:35
\n
1:35
\n
\n
\n
Kansas
\n
-6%
\n
20:05
\n
1:05
\n
\n
\n
Maine
\n
-6%
\n
21:05
\n
1:05
\n
\n
\n
Michigan
\n
-6%
\n
21:05
\n
1:05
\n
\n
\n
Minnesota
\n
-6%
\n
20:05
\n
1:05
\n
\n
\n
New Mexico
\n
-6%
\n
19:10
\n
1:10
\n
\n
\n
Tennessee
\n
-6%
\n
20:30 / 21:30
\n
1:30
\n
\n
\n
Alabama
\n
-5%
\n
20:10
\n
1:10
\n
\n
\n
Arizona
\n
-5%
\n
18:20
\n
1:20
\n
\n
\n
Arkansas
\n
-5%
\n
20:25
\n
1:25
\n
\n
\n
Colorado
\n
-5%
\n
19:15
\n
1:15
\n
\n
\n
Indiana
\n
-5%
\n
21:10
\n
1:10
\n
\n
\n
New York
\n
-5%
\n
21:25
\n
1:25
\n
\n
\n
Pennsylvania
\n
-5%
\n
21:15
\n
1:15
\n
\n
\n
South Carolina
\n
-5%
\n
21:35
\n
1:35
\n
\n
\n
Texas
\n
-5%
\n
20:20 / 19:20
\n
1:20
\n
\n
\n
Idaho
\n
-4%
\n
19:45 / 18:45
\n
1:45
\n
\n
\n
Utah
\n
-4%
\n
19:05
\n
1:05
\n
\n
\n
Virginia
\n
-4%
\n
21:05
\n
1:05
\n
\n
\n
Delaware
\n
-3%
\n
21:05
\n
1:05
\n
\n
\n
Oregon
\n
-3%
\n
18:15
\n
1:15
\n
\n
\n
West Virginia
\n
-3%
\n
21:05
\n
1:05
\n
\n
\n
District of Columbia
\n
-2%
\n
21:55
\n
1:55
\n
\n
\n
Hawaii
\n
-2%
\n
15:20
\n
1:20
\n
\n
\n
Maryland
\n
-2%
\n
21:10
\n
1:10
\n
\n
\n
Mississippi
\n
-2%
\n
20:20
\n
1:20
\n
\n
\n
Missouri
\n
-2%
\n
21:10
\n
2:10
\n
\n
\n
Illinois
\n
-
\n
-
\n
-
\n
\n
\n
\n
DNS trends: Trump-related sites see accelerated growth
Switching focus to domain trends, our 1.1.1.1 resolver data reveals a more targeted impact from the debate. Considering the candidates individually (using the official sites related to both candidates), we found that Biden-associated websites saw a 176% surge in DNS queries at around 23:00 EST (03:00 UTC), compared to the previous week.
\n \n \n \n \n
However, Trump-associated sites saw a greater increase than Biden-associated sites, showing an increase before, during, and after the debate, with the peak growth reaching 803% over the previous week at 01:00 EST (05:00 UTC).
\n \n \n \n \n
For donation sites, those linked to Biden were busiest before the debate on June 17 and 18, thanks to events with Barack Obama and Bill and Hillary Clinton. DNS traffic for Trump’s donation sites, as compared with the previous week, increased during the debate, growing 830% at 22:00 EST (02:00 UTC) and reaching a high of 1270% increase by 01:00 EST.
\n \n \n \n \n
The debate aired on multiple TV channels and was streamed on YouTube. During the debate, video streaming platforms like TikTok and YouTube, which are among the top Internet services globally, saw a 4% increase in DNS traffic at 22:00 EST (02:00 UTC). Significant changes in DNS traffic on these platforms are uncommon due to their widespread popularity.
\n \n \n \n \n
Political news sites also spiked, with a 68% traffic increase around 22:00 EST (02:00 UTC).
\n \n \n \n \n
Microblogging social platforms like X or Threads outperformed their previous week’s traffic throughout the debate day, with growth peaking at 41% at the start of the debate around 21:00 EST (01:00 UTC).
In June 2024 (through June 27), Cloudflare’s Cloud Email Security service processed over 2.5 million emails containing “Biden” or “Trump” in the subject line. Trump-related subjects appeared 13% more often than those related to Biden. Moreover, emails with “Trump” had higher percentages of spam, at 3%, and malicious messages, at 0.6%, compared to 0.8% for spam and 0.2% for malicious messages with “Biden.”
\n \n \n \n \n
The peak occurrence of spam emails with “Trump” was on June 9, at 19.8%, and the highest rate of malicious messages was on June 12, at 2.9%. For “Biden,” the highest spam rate was on June 21, at 1.2%, and the peak for malicious messages was also on June 9, at 0.8%.
Focusing on attacks, those are usually constant, and aren’t necessarily driven always by elections. But, as we’ve seen at the start of the war in Ukraine or more recently in the Netherlands, events do trigger attacks. Already in June 2024, during the European elections, we recently published a blog post about the cyberattack on Dutch political-related websites that lasted two days – June 5 and 6. The main DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service attack) attack on June 5, the day before the Dutch election, reached 73,000 requests per second (rps).
Shifting our focus to the US in particular, in the weeks since April 2024, we’ve seen some DDoS attacks targeting both government, state or political-related websites in the United States. That said, we haven’t seen any substantial attacks targeting political sites during the day of debate, June 27. The most recent one we saw was this week, on June 24, and targeted a think tank that does policy advocacy related to presidential politics. It was a small attack that lasted under 10 minutes and peaked at 35,000 requests per second (rps).
\n \n \n \n \n
Now that we’ve explored the US presidential debate trends, let’s compare it with Internet trends from other debates in the UK and France from the week of June 24, 2024.
In other countries like the UK and France, election-related debates during the week of June 24 also serve as examples for comparison with the Biden vs Trump debate. Both the UK and France experienced more significant nationwide traffic impacts during their debates compared to the US. However, the geographic and population size of the US, coupled with the debate’s broad availability on streaming platforms, could have influenced this disparity.
In France, the snap election is scheduled for Sunday, June 30, 2024, and the runoff on July 7, 2024. The final debate among the leading candidates on Tuesday, June 25, 2024 (21:00 local time), led to a 14% drop in Internet HTTP requests, as it was broadcast nationally and carried broad interest. Despite this, the UEFA Euro 2024 football match between France and Poland on the same day, at 18:00 local time, caused an even greater traffic decrease of 16%.
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The following day, Wednesday, June 26, 2024, the two main candidates for the snap UK general election — scheduled for July 4, 2024 — participated in their final debate on BBC national TV. The debate between Rishi Sunak and Sir Keir Starmer, which started at 20:15 local time, resulted in a 7% drop in UK Internet traffic compared to the previous week. The most significant decrease occurred at 20:45. At a more detailed level, Wales experienced an 11% drop during the debate, followed by England at 8%, Scotland at 7%, and Northern Ireland at 5%.
Even if major political events don’t always bring significant changes to Internet traffic, our data shows that the Biden vs. Trump debate had an impact, especially at the state level. Microblogging and video streaming social platforms also saw traffic shifts during the debate, with Trump-related sites seeing larger spikes in DNS traffic than Biden-related sites, especially after the debate.
We also observed a higher percentage of spam and malicious emails sent with “Trump” in the subject of the messages than with “Biden.” Although we didn’t see an uptick in cyberattacks during the debate, we note that these have been frequent, especially DDoS attacks in the months before, targeting both federal and state government services as well as politically related sites.
If you want to follow more trends and insights about the Internet and elections in particular, you can check Cloudflare Radar, and more specifically our new 2024 Elections Insights report, which will be updated as elections take place throughout the year.
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August 8, 2024, is the first anniversary of Project Cybersafe Schools, Cloudflare’s initiative to provide free security tools to small school districts in the United States.
Cloudflare announced Project Cybersafe Schools at the White House on August 8, 2023 as part of the Back to School Safely: K-12 Cybersecurity Summit hosted by First Lady Dr. Jill Biden. The White House highlighted Cloudflare’s commitment to provide free resources to small school districts in the United States. Project Cybersafe Schools supports eligible K-12 public school districts with a package of Zero Trust cybersecurity solutions – for free, and with no time limit. These tools help eligible school districts minimize their exposure to common cyber threats.
In Q2 2024, education ranked 4th on the list of most attacked industries. Between 2016 and 2022, there were 1,619 K-12 cyber incidents. Since we launched Project Cybersafe Schools in August 2023, there have been a number of cyber attacks targeting hundreds of thousands of students. In August 2023, Prince George’s County Public Schools in Maryland fell victim to a ransomware attack that affected the personal data of more than 100,000 people. Then, in December 2023, a Cincinnati area school district suffered a cyber attack that resulted in the loss of $1.7M. In 2024, there have been numerous incidents affecting K-12 schools across the U.S., including in Massachusetts, New Jersey, and Washington state. The smallest school districts are often the most vulnerable because of a lack of resources or capacity. Sometimes, the person responsible for cybersecurity does so in addition to another primary role, whether as a teacher, coach or administrator.
We are proud of our impact, but we can do more
There are about 14,000 school districts in the United States, and about 9,800 of them have fewer than 2,500 students. All 9,800 of those small public school districts are eligible for Project Cybersafe Schools (for free, and with no time limit – see below for all the details), and we want to help as many as possible. We are proud of the number of school districts that we have onboarded since August 2023, but it is not enough. We want to do more, and we can onboard more school districts by getting the word out about Project Cybersafe Schools. When we published an update in December 2023 encouraging school districts to sign up before the holiday break, we saw a noticeable bump in the number of inquiries from eligible school districts. If you work at a small school district in the United States, we encourage you to see if you qualify for this program.
Nearly 30 states have school districts now enrolled in Project Cybersafe Schools, representing every region of the country. Since we launched the program, we have onboarded nearly 120 qualifying school districts. As a result, more than 160,000 students, teachers, and staff are protected by Cloudflare’s cloud email security to protect against a broad spectrum of threats including Business Email Compromise, multichannel phishing, credential harvesting, and other targeted attacks. These school districts are also receiving protection against Internet threats with DNS filtering by preventing users from reaching unwanted or harmful online content like ransomware or phishing sites.
Attacks prevented by Project Cybersafe Schools in 2024
When the White House launched its National Cybersecurity Strategy in March 2023, Acting National Cyber Director Kemba Walden noted in her remarks that “we expect school districts to go toe-to-toe with transnational criminal organizations largely by themselves. This isn’t just unfair; it’s ineffective.” Cloudflare agrees, and this is one of the reasons we launched Project Cybersafe Schools after conversations with officials from the Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), the Department of Education, and the White House about how we could help to protect small school districts in the United States from cyber threats.
Year to date, Cloudflare’s cloud email security solution has identified and blocked more than 2 million malicious emails targeting the school districts enrolled in Project Cybersafe Schools. This represents roughly 3.5% of their total email traffic, though certain school districts are attacked at a far higher rate. In one district, malicious emails blocked by Cloudflare represented more than 15% of all email traffic.
Another challenge facing these schools is the large volume of spam emails sent their way. While some of this spam is promotional and not overtly malicious, it can often be used in a variety of attacks. Project Cybersafe Schools has prevented more than 2.2 million spam emails from clogging the inboxes of the school districts who have enrolled.
According to CISA, more than 90% of all cyber attacks begin with a phishing email. So helping these school districts secure their email inboxes is a critical factor in reducing their cyber risk. With email providing a relatively high success rate for gaining initial access, it’s no surprise that attackers continue to exploit email users with increasingly sophisticated and evasive techniques that bypass native security controls. And the consequences of these attacks can be severe: Recovery time can extend from two all the way up to nine months – that’s almost an entire school year.
Here’s what a few Project Cybersafe Schools participants have to say about the impact of the program on their school district:
“What Cloudflare's Project Cybersafe Schools has allowed us to do as a rural district is add a missing layer of protection to our devices, providing a previously missing and unique layer of security even off our secure network. Where other options would cost us somewhere in the thousands, we are now able to secure devices for free using one of the simplest and scalable platforms, featuring one of the easiest learning curves I've worked with. Cloudflare's feature set as a whole for districts are unparalleled and integration is a must for schools looking to add an additional layer of protection to their network architecture, which by my estimation should be everyone.” - Wyatt Determan, Technology Specialist (HLWW Public School District, Minnesota)
“Since implementing the Cybersafe Schools program as our secure email gateway, we've saved over $5,000 per year compared to similar solutions. The program has effectively filtered out numerous malicious emails, greatly enhancing our security posture. Its seamless integration and user-friendly interface make it easy for our IT team to manage. Cybersafe Schools has become a critical part of our IT infrastructure, ensuring a safe and secure educational environment.” - Paul Strout, Network Manager (Regional School Unit RSU71, Belfast, Maine)
What Zero Trust services are available?
Eligible K-12 public school districts in the United States have access to a package of enterprise-level Zero Trust cybersecurity servicesfor free and with no time limit – there is no catch and no underlying obligations. Eligible organizations will benefit from:
Email Protection: Safeguards inboxes with cloud email security by protecting against a broad spectrum of threats including malware-less Business Email Compromise, multichannel phishing, credential harvesting, and other targeted attacks.
DNS Filtering: Protects against Internet threats with DNS filtering by preventing users from reaching unwanted or harmful online content like ransomware or phishing sites and can be deployed to comply with the Children’s Internet Protection Act (CIPA).
Who can apply?
To be eligible, Project Cybersafe Schools participants must be:
K-12 public school districts located in the United States
Up to 2,500 students in the district
If you think your school district may be eligible, we welcome you to contact us to learn more. Please fill out the form today.
For schools or school districts that do not qualify for Project Cybersafe Schools, Cloudflare has other packages available with educational pricing. If you do not qualify for Project Cybersafe Schools, but are interested in our educational services, please contact us at k-12@cloudflare.com.
Visit 1.1.1.1 from any device to get started with our free app that makes your Internet faster and safer.
To learn more about our mission to help build a better Internet, start here. If you're looking for a new career direction, check out our open positions.
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